Jena - History, Economy, Transportation, Colleges, universities and research institutes, Museums, Culture, Famous residents, Sister cities

50 56N 11 35E, pop (2000e) 105 300 Town in Jena district, Gera, EC Germany, on R Saale; first planetarium built here, 9th-c; defeat of Prussians by Napoleon, 1806; railway; university (1588); chemicals, precision instruments.

Coordinates: 50°56′N 11°35′E

Jena
Country	Germany
State	Thuringia
District	urban district
Population	102,442 source (2004)
Area	114.29 km²
Population density	894 /km²
Elevation	155 m
Coordinates	50°56′ N 11°35′ E
Postal code	07701–07751
Area code	03641
Licence plate code	J
Mayor	Albrecht Schröter (SPD)
Website	jena.de

Jena is a town in central Germany on the River Saale.

History

Jena was first mentioned in a 1182 document.

Part of the State of Thuringia from its foundation in 1920 on, it was incorporated into the German Democratic Republic in 1949 and its district of Gera in 1952.

Economy

Today Jena is a manufacturing city, specializing in precision machinery, pharmaceuticals, optics and photographic equipment, and is home to the famous Zeiss optics plant.

Transportation

Altenburg-Nobitz Airport Erfurt Airport

Colleges, universities and research institutes

The Friedrich Schiller University of Jena was founded in 1558 as the "Collegium Jenense". The Max Planck Institute of Economics The Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry The Institute for Physical High Technology INNOVENT - one of the biggest private research centers in Germany The Leibniz Institute for Age Research The Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Friedrich-Löffler-Institute for Infectuous Disease Control The Jena Center for Bioinformatics

Museums

Optical Museum Jena - history of optical instruments Schott GlassMuseum - production and usage of glass Citymuseum Göhre - urban history of Jena Botanical Garden Phyletical Museum - biology Romanticism House - literary Memorial to Goethe - literary Oriental Coin Cabinet Jena - Oriental history, numismatics

Culture

The Jenaer Philharmonie is the largest independent symphony orchestra in Thuringia.

Famous residents

Andy Glandt (banjo player) Karl Marx Bernhard, Prince of the Netherlands (deceased 2004) Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, orientalist and protestant theologist of the period of enlightenment Johann Wolfgang Goethe Friedrich Schelling Georg Hegel Friedrich Schiller Novalis Wilhelm Schlegel Caroline Böhmer Schlegel Schelling Friedrich August Froebel, inventor of the kindergarten Ernst Haeckel, German evolutionary biologist/zoologist. Becher, composer Carl Zeiss, founder of the Zeiss company Walter Eucken, founder of neoliberal economic theory Gottlob Frege, mathematician, logician, and philosopher

Sister cities

Lugoj, Romania, since 1983 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany, since 1987 San Marcos, Nicaragua, since 1996 Aubervilliers, France, since 1999