26°35N 80°20E, pop (2000e) 2 300 000. City in Uttar Pradesh, N India; on R Ganges, 185 km/115 mi NW of Allahabad; ceded to the British, 1801; entire British garrison massacred during the Indian Mutiny, 1857; airfield; railway; university (1966); major trade and industrial centre; chemicals, jute, textiles, food products, chemicals.
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Kanpur कानपुर کانپُر |
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Kanpur कानपुर کانپُر |
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State - District(s) |
Uttar Pradesh - Kanpur |
| Coordinates | 26.4° N 80.23° E |
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Area - Elevation |
1040 km² - 126 m |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
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Population (2001) - Density |
4,137,489 (2001 census) - 4,200/km² |
| Mayor | Anil Sharma |
Kanpur, pronunciation (help·info) (Hindi: कानपुर, Urdu: کانپُر) known as Cawnpore before 1948, is one of the most populous cities in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Kanpur is located on the banks of the Ganga and is an important industrial center. Kanpur is home to several educational institutions, including CSJM University, one of the Indian Institutes of Technology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, HBTI, and GSVM Medical College.
History
Nestled on the banks of the eternal Ganga, Kanpur stands as one of North India’s major industrial centres with its own historical, religious and commercial importance. Believed to be founded by king Hindu Singh Chandel of the erstwhile state of Sachendi, Kanpur, it is believed by some, derived its name from Kanhiyapur, the town of Kanhiya (Lord Krishna). In the course of time, Kanhiyapur probably was abbreviated as Kanhapur and subsequently as Kanpur (the anglicized spelling of which was Cawnpore during the British rule). hence the name Karnapur, which later became Kanpur. Historically, Jajmau on the eastern outskirts of present day Kanpur is regarded as one of the most archaic townships of Kanpur district.
Kanpur's growth until the thirteenth century is shrouded in the mists of time. It is interesting to note that while no reference to Kanpur is found in history, the history of two of its suburbs, Jajmau and Bithoor, can be traced back to legendary times. Bithoor is located about 20 km upstream of the river from the city and is approximately 10 km from the IIT Kanpur Campus. Jajmau is about 8 km east of Kanpur city and is nearly 20 km upstream of the river from the IIT Campus.
At Jajmau there are remains of an ancient fort, now surviving as a huge mound.
Another interesting historical place near Kanpur is Shivrajpur. It is located around 20kms from Kanpur Railway Station.
In 1207 AD Raja Kanti Deo of Prayag who was attached to the throne of Kannauj established the village Kohna, which later came to be known as Kanpur. Kanpur continued its association with Kannauj during the reins of Harsha Vardhan, Bhoj, Mihir, Jai Chand and early Muslim rulers. The first mention of Kanpur was made in 1579 during Sher Shah's regime. Up to the 1st half of the 18th century Kanpur continued to survive as an insignificant village. It was probably at this time that strategic importance of the site of Kanpur was realised by the British. European businessmen had by this time gradually started establishing themselves in Kanpur. Kanpur passed into British hands under the treaty of 1801 with Nawab Saadat Ali Khan of Awadh. This forms a turning point in the history of Kanpur. Soon Kanpur became one of the most important military station of British India. Indian infantry occupied the space from the present Chunniganj to the Christ Church College.
First War of Independence 1857
In the 19th century Kanpur was an important British garrison with barracks for 7,000 soldiers. After some time, when it was apparent that the British under General Havelock were likely to retake Kanpur, the captors decided to execute their hostages.
The Bibighar was dismantled by the British during the reoccupation of Kanpur, and a memorial railing and a cross were raised at the site of the well. The Kanpur Memorial Church – `All Souls' Cathedral’ - was raised in honor of the fallen at the north-east corner of Wheeler’s entrenchment in 1862 by the British.
Development of Industries
After 1857 it became an important center of the leather and textile industries. The British India Corporation (BIC) was headquartered here and led the development of many industries. Kanpur was known as the "Manchester of India" during the 20th Century. They also introduced the flour-milling industry in Kanpur with two mills built right next to each other.
Many of the British contributed vigorously to charitable causes in the city by building the Ursula Horsemann Hospital, the "Hallet" Hospital, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, by protecting the Allen Forest (now a Zoo) and many other efforts.
Cultural history
Kanpur was a tinderbox in the independence and literary movements during the 1900-1950 period. Kanpur is also the birth place of Shyamlal Gupta `Parshad’, composer of the famous ditty Vijayee Vishwa Tiranga Pyara. The Agricultural University is named after the revolutionary Chandrashekhar Azad and the Medical College after Ganesh Shanker Vidyarthi; both men spent much time in Kanpur. While ChandraShekhar 'Azad' was born in a village in nearby district of Unnao and shot himself when surrounded by a huge posse of British soldiers at Alfred Park, Allahabad, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi was killed during the Hindu-Muslim riots of 1948 at Kanpur in Phoolbagh.
About 25 km from Kanpur is Bithoor. Bithoor is also the site of the fort to which Nana Sahib escaped following the British retaking of Kanpur.
Shri Radhakrishna Temple (J.K.
Geography
With the coordinates 26.4670° North and 80.3500° East, Kanpur is 80 km from Lucknow, the capital city of Uttar Pradesh. The districts surrounding Kanpur are Hamirpur in the south, Unnao in the north-east, Farrukkhabad in the north and Etawah in the west.
Demography
Kanpur is situated on bank of river Ganga and has a population of 2.72 million as per the 1991 census with 1,483,000 males and 1,289,000 females. Kanpur has an area of about 1040 km² and is 126 meters above sea level. Languages spoken in and around Kanpur include Hindi, English, Urdu and some Bengali and Punjabi. All major religions are practiced in Kanpur.
Climate
Temperatures in cold weather drop to freezing with maximum at almost 12 to 14 °C. Kanpur experiences severe fog in December and January, resulting in massive traffic and travel delays. It does not snow in Kanpur. Lowest −1 °C , 1968
Schools, Colleges and universities
IIT Kanpur, (IITK) Wendy High School, (Naramau Kanpur) Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, (HBTI Kanpur) University Institute of Engineering and Technology Kanpur, (UIETK)Formaly(IETK) Chander Shekhar Azad Agriculture and Technology University, Kanpur National Sugar Institute DAV College, Kanpur Air Force School Chakeri, Kanpur Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Sanatan Dharma Vidyalaya, Azad Nagar,Kanpur Methodist High School, Cantt, Kanpur BNSD Inter College Chunni Ganj, Kanpur St.Joseph's Senior Secondary School, Kanpur (http://www.stjosephs-kanpur.com, Alumni Blog) Kendriya Vidyalayas (about 3 dozens of them) BNSD Shiksha Niketan Inter College, Kanpur Govt. Central Textile Institute Ashoka Academy, WB,Barra, Kanpur R.K.Mission HS School, Kanpur one of the most reputed school managed by Ram Krishna Mission St. Aloysius' High School, Cantonment, Kanpur Puranchandra Vidyaniketan, Kanpur SIST,KANPUR MPEC Kanpur Christ Church College, Kanpur Dayanand Girls College, Kanpur PPN College, Kanpur Brahmanand College, Kanpur Chacha Nehru Smarak Inter College, Govind Nagar, Kanpur Dr.Chirangee Lal Rastriya Inter College, Kidwai Nagar,Kanpur(Rastriya Inter College) Shivaji Inter College, Keshav Nagar, Kanpur V.S.S.D. College, Kanpur S N Sen Mahavidyala, Kanpur Jamuna Devi Girls College, Kanpur Sheiling House School, Kanpur St.Mary's Convent High schooll, Cantt, Kanpur Seth Anand Ram Jaipuria School, Kanpur Woodbine Gardenia School Sir Padampat Singhania Education Center Jay Narayan Vidya mandir Jawahar Lal Neharu State Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Lakhanpur DBS College Govind Nagar,KanpurPassenger Transport
Local
Kanpur Mahanagar Bus Seva: The Kanpur City Bus Service is often criticised for rash drivers, overcrowding and lack of punctuality. Though a bit uncomfortable, they are still faster in service than Kanpur Mahanagar Bus Seva.Inter - City
Kanpur is well-connected with most other cities of India by Rail, Roads and now by Air also.
The city lies on important National Highways. NH No.2, the oldest road of India, Grand Trunk Road - between Amritsar (legend says - Kabul before partition) to Kolkata (legend again says - Dhaka before partition) - runs right through this city.
Recently Air Deccan has started daily flights to and from New Delhi and Lucknow.
IT Companies in Kanpur
AccuSense Global Technologies {Catering Acumen Globally} A well known training and development company in the field of Information Technology. This company has strategic alliance with SmarTalk NetCom(P)Ltd
VeragTech is a privately held company founded in 2004 with headquarters in Kanpur, India with a branch office located in New York, USA.
BPO India started operating domestic and International Call Centers from the Software Technology Park in Kanpur.
Creativatorz is India's leading web architecture design and development company with its development centre in Kanpur.
Epsilonium Software India is the Indian subsidiary of US based Epsilonium Systems engaged in developing web sites, web based software, e-commerce, and database driven e-business solutions.
Mindzone Technologies & Software Solutions is one of the fast growing software development and solution provider Company in north India based at Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) Kanpur.
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