Cambridge Encyclopedia :: Cambridge Encyclopedia Vol. 46

Limoges - History, Miscellaneous, Sources and External links

45°50N 1°15E, pop (2000e) 140 000. Ancient town and capital of Haute-Vienne department, C France; in R Vienne valley, 176 km/109 mi NE of Bordeaux; Gallic tribal capital, destroyed 5th-c; sacked by the English, 1370; road and rail junction; university (1808); meteorological observatory; rapid post-war expansion; famed for manufacture of enamels and porcelain since 18th-c; electrical fittings, shoes; uranium mined near Ambazac; Gothic Cathedral of St-Etienne (begun, 1273); Church of St-Pierre-du-Queyroix (13th-c belfry), Church of St-Michel-des-Lions (14th–16th-c).

Commune of Limoges
Bridge Saint-Étienne over the Vienne River in Limoges
Location
Coordinates 45°49′09″N, 01°15′05″E
Administration
Country France
Région Limousin (capital)
Département Haute-Vienne
(préfecture)
Arrondissement Limoges
Canton Chief town of 16 cantons
Intercommunality Limoges Métropole
Mayor Alain Rodet
(2001-2008)
Statistics
Altitude 209 m–431 m
(avg. 294 m)
Land area¹ 77.45 km²
Population²
(1999)
133,968
 - Density (1999) 1,730/km²
Miscellaneous
INSEE/Postal code 87085/ 87000
¹ French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers >
This article is about the French commune.

Limoges is known worldwide for its medieval enamels ('Limoges enamels') on copper, for its 19th century porcelain ('Limoges porcelain') and for its oak barrels (Limousin oak), which are used for Cognac production.

History

Ancient and medieval history

Very scarce remains of pre-urban settlements have been found in the area of Limoges.

Starting from the 11th century, thanks to the presence of the Abbey of St. Martial and its large library, Limoges became a flourishing artistic centre.

Modern history

The City and the Castle were united in 1792 to form a single city under the name of Limoges.

In the 19th century Limoges saw a strong construction activity, which however included the destruction and rebuilding of much of the city's centre, regarded as unhealthy and as a nest of prostitution.

Under the impetus of the progressive economist Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de Laune, who had been appointed intendant of this impoverished and isolated region, a new ceramics industry was developed, and Limoges porcelain became famous during the 19th century. However, Limoges porcelain is a generic term for porcelain produced in Limoges rather than at a specific factory

Miscellaneous

A university was founded at Limoges in 1968.

Births

Limoges was the birthplace of:

Jean Daurat (or Dorat) (1508-1588), poet and scholar, member of the Pléiade Henri François d'Aguesseau (1668-1751), chancellor of France Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud (1753-1793), orator and revolutionary Jean-Baptiste Jourdan (1762-1833), marshal of France Stephen Grellet (1773-1855), Quaker missionary Thomas Robert Bugeaud de la Piconnerie, Duke of Isly (1784-1849), marshal of France Jean-Baptiste Joseph Émile Montégut (1825-1895), critic Marie François Sadi Carnot (1837-1894), President of France Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), preeminent French painter Maryse Bastié (1898-1952), aviatrix Astérix (1959-present), comic hero and overall creator of fun

Twin towns

- Charlotte, North Carolina, United States - Fürth, Germany - Grodno, Belarus - Limoges, Ontario, Canada - Plzen, Czech Republic - Seto, Japan - Stoke-on-Trent, United kingdom

Sources and External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Limoges This article incorporates text from the public-domain Catholic Encyclopedia. City council website Adrien Dubouché Museum website - ceramics, glassware, porcelain from Limoges Limoges university website History and Geography (Academy of Limoges, institutional website) Satellite image Préfectures of départements of France Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain) • Laon (Aisne) • Moulins (Allier • Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) • Gap (Hautes-Alpes) • Nice (Alpes-Maritimes) • Privas (Ardeche) • Charleville-Mézières (Ardennes) • Foix (Ariège) • Troyes (Aube) • Carcassonne (Aude) • Rodez (Aveyron) • Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône) • Caen (Calvados) • Aurillac (Cantal) • Angoulême (Charente) • La Rochelle (Charente-Maritime) • Bourges (Cher) • Tulle (Corrèze) • Ajaccio (corse-du-Sud) • Bastia (Haute-Corse) • Dijon (Côte-d'Or) • Saint-Brieuc (Côtes-d'Armor) • Guéret (Creuse) • Périgueux (Dordogne) • Besançon (Doubs) • Valence (Drôme) • Évreux (Eure) • Chartres (Eure-et-Loir) • Quimper (Finistère) • Nîmes (Gard) • Toulouse (Haute-Garonne) • Auch (Gers) • Bordeaux (Gironde) • Montpellier (Hérault) • Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine) • Châteauroux (Indre) • Tours (Indre-et-Loire) • Grenoble (Isère) • Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) • Mont-de-Marsan (Landes) • Blois (Loir-et-Cher) • Saint-Étienne (Loire) • Le Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire) • Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) - Orléans (Loiret) • Cahors (Lot) • Agen (Lot-et-Garonne) • Mende (Lozère) • Angers (Maine-et-Loire) • Saint-Lô (Manche) • Châlons-en-Champagne (Marne) • Chaumont (Haute-Marne) - Laval (Mayenne) • Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle) • Bar-le-Duc (Meuse) • Vannes (Morbihan) • Metz (Moselle) • Nevers (Nièvre) • Lille (Nord) • Beauvais (Oise) • Alençon (Orne) • Calais (Pas-de-Calais) • Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme) • Pau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) • Tarbes (Hautes-Pyrénées) • Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) • Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) • Colmar (Haut-Rhin) • Lyon (Rhône) • Vesoul (Haute-Saône) • Mâcon (Saône-et-Loire) • Le Mans (Sarthe) • Chambéry (Savoie) • Annecy (Haute-Savoie) • Paris (Paris) • Rouen (Seine-Maritime) • Melun (Seine-et-Marne) • Versailles (Yvelines) • Niort (Deux-Sèvres) • Amiens (Somme) • Albi (Tarn) • Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne) • Toulon (Var) • Avignon (Vaucluse) • La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) • Poitiers (Vienne) • Limoges (Haute-Vienne) • Épinal (Vosges) • Auxerre (Yonne) • Belfort (Territoire de Belfort) - Évry (Essonne) - Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine) • Bobigny (Seine-Saint-Denis) • Créteil (Val-de-Marne) • Cergy (Val-d'Oise)


Overseas départements:
Cayenne (French Guiana) • Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe) • Fort-de-France (Martinique) • Saint-Denis (Réunion)

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