51°18N 22°31E, pop (2000e) 356 000. Capital of Lublin voivodship, E Poland, on a plateau crossed by the R Bystrzyca; a castle town, gaining urban status in 1317; Poland's first Council of Workers' Delegates formed here, 1918; railway; university (1918); food processing, lorries, agricultural machinery; castle, Kraków Gate, cathedral (16th-c), Brigittine convent, Bernardine monastery.
vertical-align:baseline;">| Lublin | |
| (Flag) | (Coat of arms) |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lubelskie |
| Municipal government | Rada Miasta Lublin |
| Mayor | Andrzej Pruszkowski |
| Area | 147,5 km² |
|
Population - city - urban - density |
355,954 (2004) 640,000 2400/km² |
| Founded | before 12th century |
| City rights | 1317 |
|
Latitude Longitude |
51°14' N 22°34' E |
| Area code | +48 81 |
| Car plates | LU |
| Twin towns | Alcalá de Henares, Debrecen, Delmenhorst, Erie, Lancaster, Münster, Nancy, Nykøbing Falster, Pernik, Panevėžys, Rishon Le Zion, Luhans'k, Lutsk, L'viv, Starobielsk, Viseu, Windsor |
| Municipal Website | |
Coordinates: 51°14′N 22°34′E Lublin (['lublin] (help·info) is the biggest city in eastern Poland and the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 355,954 (2004).
History
The first permanent settlements on the Lublin site were established in the early Middle Ages, though archeological finds indicate a long, earlier presence of various cultures in the general area.
In 1392, the city received an important trade privilege from king Władysław Jagiełło, and with the coming of the peace between Poland and Lithuania developed into a great trade centre carrying a large portion of commerce between the two countries. In 1474 the area around Lublin was combined to form the Lublin Voivodeship.
Some of the artists and writers of the Polish renaissance lived and worked in Lublin, including Sebastian Klonowic and Jan Kochanowski, who died in the city in 1584.
Since the second half of the 16th century, Reformation movements developed in Lublin, and a large congregation of Polish Brethren was present in the city. One of Poland's most important Jewish communities was also established in Lublin around this time.
Students came to Lublin from all over Europe to study at the yeshiva there. After the Third of the Partitions of Poland in 1795 Lublin was located in Austrian empire, then since 1809 in the Duchy of Warsaw, and then since 1815 in the Congress Poland under Russian rule. After the defeat of the Central Powers in 1918, the first government of independent Poland operated in Lublin for a short time. In the inter war years, the city continued to develop, its population grew, and important industrial enterprises were established, including the first aviation factory in Poland, the Plage i Laśkiewicz works, later nationalized as the LWS factory. The city contained a vibrant Jewish community which formed around 40% of Lublin's population. German plans were aimed towards turning Lublin into Germanised city with its population of Ethnic Germans growing towards 20-25 % comparing with 10-15% in 1939.. Lublin's Jewish population was forced into the Lublin ghetto established around the area of Podzamcze. The Majdanek camp, together with the prison established in the Lublin castle, also served as a major centre of terror measures aimed at the non-Jewish population of Lublin and the surrounding district.
In 1944, the city was taken by the Soviet Army and became the capital of a Soviet-controlled communist Polish Committee of National Liberation established in the city.
In July 1980, the workers of Lublin and nearby Świdnik began the first in the wave of mass strikes aimed against the Communist regime, which eventually led to the emergence of the Solidarity movement. The workers there used similar tactics as the Lublin workers used a month before, and this time the Communist authorities had to agree to the strikers' demand to set up an independent trade union, which soon became the Solidarity.
Economy
The Lublin region has the unfortunate distinction of having the lowest per capita GDP in the entire European Union (it was 32% of EU average in 2002).
While the standard of living in the city of Lublin is considerably higher than in the surrounding countryside, the city's relatively poor economic performance is unavoidably tied to the poverty of its surrounding region. Poorly developed transportation infrastructure (no major highway connection to other cities, no international airport (but there is one going to be built in Niedźwiada near the city), restricted and declining rail links etc.) and a widespread local sceptism in the possibilities that the region has to offer have also put a brake on the city's development.
With the decline of Lublin as a regional industrial centre, the city's economy is being reoriented towards the service industries.
In 2001 Lublin became a sister city to its only namesake outside Poland;
Education
It has six schools of higher education, including Maria Curie-Sklodowska University (UMCS) and Catholic University of Lublin (KUL).
Akademia Medyczna – http://www.am.lublin.pl/ (also known as Medical University of Lublin) Akademia Rolnicza – http://www.ar.lublin.pl/ Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski – http://www.kul.lublin.pl/ Lubelska Szkoła Biznesu – http://www.lbs.pl/ Politechnika Lubelska – http://www.pol.lublin.pl/ Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej – http://www.umcs.lublin.pl/ Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomii i Innowacji w Lublinie – http://www.wsei.lublin.pl/ Wyższa Szkoła Nauk Społecznych z siedzibą w Lublinie – http://www.wsns.lublin.pl/ Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Administracji – http://www.wspa.lublin.pl/ Wyższa Szkoła Społeczno-Przyrodnicza w Lublinie – http://www.wssp.edu.pl/Sports
Start Lublin - men's basketball team, 12th in Era Basket Liga in 2003–2004 season Bystrzyca Lublin - women's handball team playing in Polish Ekstraklasa Women's Handball League: 2nd place in 2003–2004 season Local football teams Lublinianka and Motor competing in the Polish league (forth and third division as of 2006–07) A local Rugby Union team competing in the Polish, and surrounding district leagueFamous people
Janusz Lewandowski (1951—) - MEP, former minister of privatization; born in Lublin Stanislaw Kostka Potocki (1755–1821) Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin (1745–1815) - "The Seer of Lublin" Henryk Wieniawski (1835–1880) - great violin virtuoso; born in LublinPolitics
Lublin constituency
Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Lublin constituency:
Zyta Gilowska, PIS Stanisław Głębocki, Samoobrona Arkadiusz Kasznia, SLD-UP Elżbieta Kruk, PiS Grzegorz Kurczuk, SLD-UP Robert Luśnia, LPR Andrzej Mańka, PiS Gabriela Masłowska, LPR Wiktor Osik, SLD-UP Zdzisław Podkański, PSL Tadeusz Polański, PSL Izabella Sierakowska, SLD-UP Zygmunt Jerzy Szymański, SLD-UP Leszek Świętochowski, PSL Marian Widz, Samoobrona Józef Żywiec, Samoobrona
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