Mali - Geography, Economy, Miscellaneous topics

Official name Republic of Mali, Fr République de Mali

Local name Mali Timezone GMT Area 1 240 192 km²/478 714 sq mi population total (2002e) 11 340 000 Status Republic Date of independence 1960 Capital Bamako Languages French (official), local languages (including Bambara) widely spoken Ethnic groups Mande (Bambara, Malinke, Sarakole) (50%), Peul (Fulani nomads) (17%), Voltaic (including Senufo, Bura, Senouto, Minianka) (12%), Songhai (6%), Tuareg and Moor (5%) Religions Muslim (90%), traditional animist beliefs (9%), Christian (1%) (Roman Catholic 5%, Protestant 5%) Physical features Landlocked country on the fringe of the Sahara; lower part of the Hoggar massif (N); arid plains 300–500 m/1000–1600 ft; mainly savannah land in the S; main rivers, Niger, Bani, Sénégal; featureless desert land (N). Climate Subtropical in S and SW, with rainy season (Jun–Oct); average rainfall c.1000 mm/40 in; average annual temperatures 24°C (Jan), 27°C (Jul) in Bamako. Currency 1 CFA Franc (XAF) = 100 centimes Economy Mainly subsistence agriculture; crops severely affected by drought conditions; fishing, livestock, food processing, textiles, leather, cement; some tourism. GDP (2002e) $9·775 bn, per capital $900 Human Development Index (2002) 0·386 History Mediaeval state controlling the trade routes between savannah and Sahara, reaching its peak in the 14th-c; governed by France, 1881–95; territory of French Sudan (part of French West Africa) until 1959; partnership with Senegal as the Federation of Mali, 1959; separate independence, 1960; under 1979 constitution (suspended, 1991) governed by a President elected every six years, and a National Assembly.

République du Mali Republic of Mali
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Un peuple, un but, une foi" "One people, one goal, one faith"
Anthem: Pour l'Afrique et pour toi, Mali "For Africa and for you, Mali"
Capital (largest city)	Bamako 12°39′N 8°0′W
Official languages	French
Government	Parliamentary democracy
- President	Amadou Toumani Touré
- Prime Minister	Ousmane Issoufi Maïga
Independence	from France
Area
- Total	1,240,192 km² (24th) 478,839 sq mi
- Water (%)	1.6
Population
- July 2005 estimate	13,518,000 (65th)
- Density	11/km² (207th) 28/sq mi
GDP (PPP)	2005 estimate
- Total	$14.400 billion (125th)
- Per capita	$1,154 (166th)
HDI  (2004)	0.338 (low) (175th)
Currency	CFA franc (XOF)
Time zone	(UTC)
Internet TLD	.ml
Calling code	+223

Mali, officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali, Amazigh: ), is a landlocked nation in Western Africa.

The regions and district are:

Gao Kayes Kidal Koulikoro Mopti Ségou Sikasso Tombouctou (Timbuktu) Bamako (capital district)

See also:

Regions of Mali Cercles of Mali

Geography

At 478,734 mi² (1,240,000 km²), Mali is the world's 24th-largest country (after Angola).

See List of cities in Mali

Economy

Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert.

Architecture of Mali- Great Mosque of Djenné List of Architects from Mali List of writers from Mali Languages of Mali Music of Mali Roman Catholicism in Mali

Miscellaneous topics

African Jew Communications in Mali Foreign relations of Mali Jews of the Bilad el-Sudan (West Africa) List of Mali-related topics Military of Mali Reporters Without Borders Worldwide Press Freedom Index 2002: Rank 43 out of 139 countries (2 way tie) Scouting in Mali Transportation in Mali Media of Mali

Government

The Embassy of Mali in Washington DC government information and links

News

afribone allAfrica.com - Mali news headline links

Overviews

Mali's location on a 3D globe (Java) BBC News Country Profile - Mali CIA World Factbook - Mali United Nations Human Rights - Mali dating from 1997 Mali Folkecenter - Mali from an organisation aiming to promote the sustainable management of natural resources

Directories

Open Directory Project - Mali directory category Stanford University - Africa South of the Sahara: Mali directory category The Index on Africa - Mali directory category University of Pennsylvania - African Studies Center: Mali directory category Yahoo! background: transparent;">

Benin • Burkina Faso • Cameroon • Côte d'Ivoire • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • The Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Liberia • Mali • Niger • Nigeria • Republic of the Congo • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Togo

v • d • e Member states of the African Union

Algeria • Angola • Benin • Botswana • Burkina Faso • Burundi • Cameroon • Cape Verde • Central African Republic • Chad • Comoros • Democratic Republic of the Congo • Republic of the Congo • Côte d'Ivoire • Djibouti • Egypt • Eritrea • Ethiopia • Equatorial Guinea • Gabon • The Gambia • Ghana • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Kenya • Lesotho • Liberia • Libya • Madagascar • Malawi • Mali • Mauritania • Mauritius • Mozambique • Namibia • Niger • Nigeria • Rwanda • São Tomé and Príncipe • Senegal • Seychelles • Sierra Leone • Somalia • South Africa • Sudan • Swaziland • Tanzania • Togo • Tunisia • Uganda • Western Sahara (SADR) • Zambia • Zimbabwe

v • d • e Countries of Africa

Sovereign states: Algeria • Angola • Benin • Botswana • Burkina Faso • Burundi • Cameroon • Cape Verde • Central African Republic • Chad • Democratic Republic of the Congo • Republic of the Congo • Comoros • Côte d'Ivoire • Djibouti • Egypt • Equatorial Guinea • Eritrea • Ethiopia • France • Gabon • The Gambia • Ghana • Guinea-Bissau • Guinea • Kenya • Lesotho • Liberia • Libya • Madagascar • Malawi • Mali • Mauritania • Mauritius • Morocco • Mozambique • Namibia • Niger • Nigeria • Portugal • Rwanda • Senegal • Seychelles • Sierra Leone • Somalia • South Africa • Spain • Sudan • Swaziland • São Tomé and Príncipe • Tanzania • Togo • Tunisia • Uganda • Yemen • Zambia • Zimbabwe

Dependencies: British Indian Ocean Territory (UK) • French Southern Territories (France)  • Mayotte (France)  • Réunion (France)  • Saint Helena (UK)

 Mostly in Europe. 

v • d • e Francophonie Members: Belgium • Benin • Bulgaria • Burkina Faso • Burundi • Cambodia • Cameroon • Canada • New Brunswick • Quebec • Ontario • Cape Verde • Central African Republic • Chad • Comoros • Côte d'Ivoire • Cyprus • Democratic Republic of the Congo • Djibouti • Dominica • Egypt • Equatorial Guinea • France • French Guiana • Gabon • Ghana • Guadeloupe • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Haiti • Laos • Lebanon • Madagascar • Mali • Martinique • Mauritania • Mauritius • Morocco • Niger • Republic of the Congo • Romania • Rwanda • Saint Lucia • São Tomé and Príncipe • Senegal • Seychelles • Saint-Pierre and Miquelon • Switzerland • Togo • Tunisia • Ukraine • Vanuatu • Vietnam

Observers: Armenia • Austria • Croatia • Czech Republic • Georgia • Hungary • Lithuania • Mozambique • Poland • Serbia • Slovakia • Slovenia • Ukraine

v • d • e Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)

Afghanistan • Albania • Algeria • Azerbaijan • Bahrain • Bangladesh • Benin • Burkina Faso • Brunei • Cameroon • Chad • Comoros • Côte d'Ivoire • Djibouti • Egypt • Gabon • Gambia • Guinea • Guinea-Bissau • Guyana • Indonesia • Iran • Iraq • Jordan • Kuwait • Kazakhstan • Kyrgyzstan • Lebanon • Libya • Maldives • Malaysia • Mali • Mauritania • Morocco • Mozambique • Niger • Nigeria • Oman • Pakistan • Palestine • Qatar • Saudi Arabia • Senegal • Sierra Leone • Somalia • Sudan • Surinam • Syria • Tajikistan • Turkey • Tunisia • Togo • Turkmenistan • Uganda • Uzbekistan • United Arab Emirates • Yemen

Observer countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina • Central African Republic • Russia • Thailand • Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Observer Muslim organizations and communities: Moro National Liberation Front

Observer international organizations: Economic Cooperation Organization • Organization of African Unity • League of Arab States • Non-Aligned Movement • United Nations

v • d • e Niger-Congo-speaking nations v • d • e Kordofanian

 Sudan

v • d • e Mande

 The Gambia •  Guinea •  Guinea-Bissau •  Mali •  Mauritania •  Senegal •  Sierra Leone

v • d • e Atlantic-Congo

Atlantic

 Benin •  Burkina Faso •  Cameroon •  Central African Republic •  Chad •  Côte d'Ivoire •  The Gambia •  Guinea •  Guinea-Bissau •  Liberia •  Mali •  Mauritania •  Niger •  Senegal •  Sierra Leone •  Sudan •  Togo

Ijoid:  Nigeria - Dogon:  Mali

v • d • e Volta-Congo

Senufo:  Benin •  Côte d'Ivoire •  Mali

Gur:  Benin •  Burkina Faso •  Côte d'Ivoire •  Ghana •  Mali •  Nigeria •  Togo

Adamawa-Ubangi:  Cameroon •  Central African Republic •  Chad •  Nigeria

Kru:  Burkina Faso •  Côte d'Ivoire •  Liberia

Kwa:  Benin •  Côte d'Ivoire •  Ghana •  Nigeria •  Togo

v • d • e Benue-Congo

Bantu

 Angola •  Botswana •  Burundi •  Cameroon •  Democratic Republic of the Congo •  Republic of the Congo •  Equatorial Guinea •  Gabon •  Kenya •  Nigeria •  Malawi •  Mozambique •  Namibia •  Rwanda •  Somalia •  South Africa •  Swaziland •  Tanzania •  Uganda •  Zambia •  Zimbabwe

Yoruba and Igbo:  Nigeria