47°05N 37°34E, pop (2000e) 512 000. Seaport in Donetskaya oblast, Ukraine; at the mouth of the R Kalmius, on the Sea of Azov; founded, 1779; airfield; railway; noted mud-bath resort; coal trade, iron and steel, chemicals, fertilizers, metallurgical equipment, fishing.
Coordinates: 47°7′0″N, 37°35′0″E
Mariupol'Маріуполь
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| Location | |||||
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| Map of Ukraine with Mariupol highlighted. | |||||
| Government | |||||
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Country Oblast Raion |
Ukraine Donetsk Oblast Mariupol City Municipality |
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| Founded | 1778 | ||||
| City rights | 1779 | ||||
| Mayor | Yury Yuryevich Khotlubey | ||||
| Geographical characteristics | |||||
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Area - City |
166 km² |
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Population - City (2005) - Density - Metro area |
481,626 2,901.4/km² 502,800 |
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| Coordinates | 47°7′0″N, 37°35′0″E | ||||
| Other Information | |||||
| Postal Code | 87500—87590 | ||||
| Dialing Code | +380 629 | ||||
| Website: www.marsovet.org.ua | |||||
Mariupol’ or Mariupol /mari'upʌlʲ/ (Ukrainian: Маріуполь;
City Image
Architecture
Old Mariupol (an area limited to the south coast of the Sea of Azov, in the east - Kalmius River, in the north -Shevchenko Blvd., in the West – Metallurgov Av.) is built up mainly of few-storey houses and has kept the pre-revolutionary architecture. up to Stroiteley Av.) is almost entirely administrative and commercial buildings (a city council building, post office, the Lukov cinema, Mariupol Humanitarian University, Priazov State Technical University - PGTU, the Korolenko central city library, large shops (the supermarket "Moscow", "One Thousand Trifles ", etc.).
Parks
City Square ("Theatrical Sq."), Extreme-park (new attractions near the biggest in city of the Palace of Culture of Metallurgov, the City garden (“Gorsad”, " A children's park used for recreational purposes"), parks "Veselka" and "Azovstal" in Ordzhonikidzevsky borough, "Petrovsky" (a modern stadium "Ilyichevets" and constructions for the basketball club "Azovmash") - in Ilyichevsky one, “Primorsky” - in Primorsky borough.
Public Holidays
Except for nation-wide holidays, in Mariupol they celebrate:
Liberation Day (of city from fascist aggressors; on September, 10) City Day (the following after Liberation Day of Mariupol Sunday of September) Metallurgist Day - a professional holiday for many city dwellers Machine engineer Day Seamen Day, etc. PoliticsMayor of city (chairman, "head", cities and chairman of executive committee of city council) - Khotlubey Yury Yuryevich.
Geography and Climate
Geography
Mariupol is to the south of the Donetsk area, on the coast of the Azov Sea, in a mouth of the river Kalmius.
Demographics
Population
|
Mariupol Population city proper |
Mariupol Metropolitan population |
|
| 1778 | 0,168 | 0,168 |
| 1782 | 2,948 | 2,948 |
| 1850 | 4,579 | 4,579 |
| 1897 | 31,8 | 31,8 |
| 1913 | 58,0 | 58,0 |
| 1939 | 221,5 | 221,5 |
| 1941 | 241,0 | 241,0 |
| 1943 | 85,0 | 85,0 |
| 1959 | 283,6 | 299,1 |
| 1979 | 502,6 | 525,0 |
| 1987 | 529,0 | 552,3 |
| 1989 | 518,9 | 541,0 |
| 1994 | 520,7 | 543,6 |
| 1998 | 499,8 | 521,3 |
| 2001 | 492,2 | 514,5 |
| 2002 | 489,7 | 510,8 |
| 2005 | 481,6 | 502,8 |
The population in 2005 is estimated at 481,600, with the subordinated territories (settlement Sartana, settlement Talakovka, settlement Stary Krym, village Gnutovo, and village Lomakino) - 502,800.
Ethnic Structure
Ukrainian make less than half of the population of the city, the second greatest nationality of Mariupol is Russian.
Ethnic structure in 2002.
| Nationality | Number (person) | Densities (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 248,683 | 48.7 |
| Russian | 226,848 | 44.4 |
| Greek | 21,923 | 4.3 |
| Belarusian | 3,858 | 0.8 |
| Armenian | 1,205 | 0.2 |
| Jews | 1,176 | 0.2 |
| Bulgarian | 1,082 | 0.2 |
| other | 6,060 | 1.2 |
| All population | 510,835 | 100 |
Language Structure
There are a large number of Greek-speaking (Pontic Greek) people but the city is predominantly Russian-speaking.
Language structure in 2002
| Language | Number (person) | Densities (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Russian | 457,931 | 89.64 |
| Ukrainian | 50,656 | 9.92 |
| Greek | 1,046 | 0.20 |
| Armenian | 372 | 0.07 |
| Belarusian | 266 | 0.05 |
| Bulgarian | 55 | 0.01 |
| other | 509 | 0.10 |
| All population | 510,835 | 100 |
Employment
About 59% of the people whose occupation is in a national economy work in the industry, 11% of them in transportation.
The GPA of the city is 1,262.04 hryvnas (≈US$250.00) a month - one of the highest in the country.
Commercial debts in the city were reduced for 2005 to 1.1% and made 5.1 million hryvnas ($1.01 million).
The enterprises of the city for 9 months of 2005 received a positive financial result (profit) of 3.2 billion hryvnas ($634 million), which is 23.6% more than the previous year (2004).
Economy
Industry
Mariupol is home to major steel mills (including some globally-important) and chemical plants, also an important seaport and a railroad junction.
Open Society " Ilyich Mariupol steel and iron works " ("Mariupol Metallurgical Combine named Ilyich") is the metallurgical enterprise of Ukraine second in sizes (after " Krivorozhstal "), the largest enterprise of a national economy of Donbass and, one of the largest exporters of Ukraine, the enterprise has a full metallurgical cycle. It is closely connected with Mariupol cokes factory " Markokhim " (prevailing the part of production which is consumed by Azovstal)Open Society " Concern " Azovmash " " - the largest machine-building enterprise of Ukraine (city of Mariupol), specializing in production of equipment for mining-metallurgical complexs, tanks-cars, port cranes, boilers, fuel-fillers etc. Open Society " Mariupol sea trading port " - (city of Mariupol) largest in East Ukraine, makes sea transportations of coal, metal, production of mechanical engineering, ore, grain from Donetsk, Kharkov, Lugansk and the nearby areas of Ukraine, Russia.
The construction organizations of the city for 9 months in 2005 executed a volume of contracted civil and erection works for 304.4 million Hryvnas ($603 million). Even during some easing activity of the industry in the state (the middle of 1990s) of maximum-permissible concentrations (maximum concentration limit) many pollution limits of the environment have been exceeded:
For ammonia by 1.3 times For phenol by 1.3 times For formaldehyde by 2.0 times
In the residential areas adjoining industrial giants, concentrations of benzapiren and (cancerogen) changes to within of 6-9 times the maximum concentration limits, fluoric hydrogen, ammonia and formaldehyde - 2-3 to 5 times the maximum concentration limits, dust and oxides of carbon, hydrogen sulphide are 6 to 8 times the maximum concentration limits, and dioxides of nitrogen are 2 to 3 times the maximum concentration limits.
The nature protection activity of leading enterprises in Mariupol cost millions of hrivnas, but it appears to have little effect on the environmental problems built up in the city over the years. Mariupol Theater of Puppet-Show (it is created in 1999)
Sinemas:
«Pobeda» («Victory») «Savona» «Soyuz» («Union» ) «Komsomolets» («Komsomoler») «Burevesnik» the Lukova name the Shevchenko name «Yubileyny» («Anniversary» )Palaces of Culture (Recreation centres):
«Metallurgov» («Metalurgists») of Ilyich Steel & Iron Works «Azovstal» «Iskra» («Spark») of Azovmash machine-builder Concern «Markohim» of former Mariupol Coke Factory «Moryakov» («Sea-folk») «Stroitel» («Builder») Palace of child's and youth art («Palace of Youth») City Palace of CultureMuseums:
Mariupol Museum of Regional Kuindzhi Art Exhibition Museum of ethnography (in the past the museum of Andrey Zhdanov) Museum og Literary HarbarbondIn the environs of city on the shore of sea of Azov the monument of archaeology is opened neolitic burial ground of end of the third millennium AD.
Social Associations
Public Unions
About 300 public unions, including 22 trade-union organizations, representative offices about 40 political parties etc., 16 youth, 4 womanish organizations, 37 unions of veterans and invalids, 134 national and cultural societies.
A city is decorated by the St. Nicol Cathedral (in Zhovtnevy borough) and churches of city:
St. Nicolas (Primorsky borough) of Transfiguration (Primorsky borough) St. Michael (Ordzhonikidzevsky borough) St. Ilya (Ilyichevsky borough) St. Uspensky (Ordzhonikidzevsky borough) and othersMedia and Entertainment
More than 20 local newspapers work, including:
«Priazovsky Rabochy» («Priazovsky worker») «Mariupolskaya Zhizn» («Mariupol life») «Mariupolskaya Nedelya» («Mariupol week») «Ilichevets» «Azovstalets» «Azovsky Moryak» («Azov Seaman») «Azovsky Mashinostroitel» («Azov Machine-builder») etc.7 wireless stations, 7 regional televisional companies and channels:
Broadcasting Company «Sigma» Broadcasting Company «MTV» («Mariupol television») Broadcasting Company «TV 7» Broadcasting Company «Inter-Mariupol» Broadcasting Company «Format» and othersRetransmitting about 15 state channels («Inter», «1+1», «STB», «NTN», a «5 Channel» etc.).
Professional Sports
The city's steel industry sponsors the FC Metalurg Mariupol' football club, currently playing in the Ukrainian Premier League, the highest division of the Ukrainian national championship. Serious successes were obtained by school of the Mariupol boxing, Greek-Roman fighting, artistic gymnastics and other types of sport
Sport building of city (only 585):
«Ilyichevets» stadium «Azovstal» sports complex «Azovets» stadium (in the past the «Locomotive») «Azovmash» sports complex «Sadko» Sports complex «Vodnik» Sports complex «Neptune» public pool «Azovstal» chess club etc.Social Services
Health Service
There are 70 medical, medical-health and medical establishments in a city — hospitals, policlinics, the station of blood transfusion, station of urgent medicare, sanatoriums, sanatoriums-preventive clinics regional center of social maintenance of pensionaries and invalids, city centers: gastroenterology, thoracal surgery, bleedings, pankreatic, microsurgury of eye.
3 higher educational establishments:
Priazovsky State Technical University Mariupol Humanitarian University Azovsky Institute of marine transport
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