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(Alphonsus Joseph-Mary Augustus) Montague Summers - Life, Works, Other works, Bibliography

British priest and man of letters. He wrote on the theatre and drama of the Restoration, and on other literary subjects, but his most important works are two major reference books on witchcraft, The History of Witchcraft and Demonology (1926) and The Geography of Witchcraft (1927).

Life

Montague Summers was the youngest of the seven children of Augustus William Summers, an affluent banker and justice of the peace in Clifton, Bristol.

Summers worked for several years as an English and Latin teacher at various schools before adopting writing as his full-time employment.

Summers wrote hagiography (on Saint Catherine of Siena) and lives of writers such as Jane Austen before turning to the occult, for which he is best remembered. This work followed his History of Witchcraft and Demonology (1927) and The Geography of Witchcraft (1928). He then turned to vampires, producing The Vampire: His Kith and Kin (1928) and The Vampire in Europe (1929), and later to werewolves with The Werewolf (1933). Summers's work on the occult is notorious for his unusual and old-fashioned writing style, his display of erudition, and his purported belief in the reality of the subjects he treats. Of more lasting value were his seminal works on Gothic literature: The Gothic Quest: a History of the Gothic Novel (1938), A Gothic Bibliography (1940) and his collection of Gothic Horror stories in The Supernatural Omnibus (1931). The Times of London wrote he was "in every way a 'character' and in some sort a throwback to the Middle Ages." His biographer, Brocard Sewell, paints the following portrait of Summers: "During the year 1927, the striking and somber figure of the Reverend Montague Sommers in black soutane and cloak, with buckled shoes--a la Louis Quatorze--and shovel hat could often have been seen entering or leaving the reading room of the British Museum, carrying a large black portfolio bearing on its side a white label, showing in blood-red capitals, the legend 'VAMPIRES'." In the introduction to his book on The History of Witchcraft and Demonology he writes: "In the following pages I have endeavored to show the witch as she really was – an evil liver: a social pest and parasite: the devotee of a loathly and obscene creed: an adept at poisoning, blackmail, and other creeping crimes: a member of a powerful secret organization inimical to Church and State: a blasphemer in word and deed, swaying the villagers by terror and superstition: a charlatan and a quack sometimes: a bawd: an abortionist: the dark counselor of lewd court ladies and adulterous gallants: a minister to vice and inconceivable corruption, battening upon the filth and foulest passions of the age". An autobiography The Galanty Show was published posthumously in 1980, though much is left unrevealed about his somewhat mysterious life.

Works

Among his works are:

Poetry and Drama

Antinous and Other Poems, 1907 William Henry (play), 1939 Edward II (play), 1940

Prose fiction

The Grimoire and Other Ghostly Tales, 1936 Six Ghost Stories, 1937 The Sins of the Fathers, 1947 Supernatural Tales, 1947

Edition and translation

Works of Mrs. Aphra Behn, 1915 Complete Works of Congreve, 1923 Complete Works of Wycherley, 1924 The Complete Works of Thomas Shadwell, 1927 Covent Garden Drollery, 1927 Horrid Mysteries, 1927 The Necromancer of the Black Forest, 1927 Sinistrati's Demoniality, 1927 The Malleus Maleficarum of Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, 1928 The Wikisource:Compendium Maleficarum of Francesco Maria Guazzo, 1929 The Supernatural Omnibus, 1931 (reprinted ISBN 0-88356-037-2) Victorian Ghost Stories, 1933 The Complete Works of Otway, 1936

The occult

The History of Witchcraft, 1926 The Geography of Witchcraft, 1927 (reprinted ISBN 0-7100-7617-7) The Discovery of Witches, 1928 (reprinted ISBN 0-404-18416-2) The Vampire: His Kith and Kin, 1928 (reprinted with alternate title: Vampires and Vampirism ISBN 0-486-43996-8) The Vampire in Europe, 1929 (reprinted ISBN 0-517-14989-3) (reprinted with alternate title: The Vampire in Lore and Legend ISBN 0-486-41942-8) The Werewolf, 1933 (reprinted with alternate title: The Werewolf in Lore and Legend ISBN 0-486-43090-1) A Popular History of Witchcraft, 1937 Witchcraft and Black Magic, 1946 (reprinted ISBN 1-55888-840-3, ISBN 0-486-41125-7) The Physical Phenomena of Mysticism, 1947.

Other works

St. Catherine of Siena, 1903 Lourdes, 1904 A Great Mistress of Romance: Ann Radcliffe, 1917 Jane Austen, 1919 St. Antonio-Maria Zaccaria, 1919 Architecture and the Gothic Novel, 1931 The Restoration Theatre, 1934 Essays in Petto 1933 The Playhouse of Pepys, 1935 The Gothic Quest: a History of the Gothic Novel 1938 A Gothic Bibliography 1940

Bibliography

Brocard Sewell (aka Joseph Jerome).

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