Cambridge Encyclopedia :: Cambridge Encyclopedia Vol. 7

arsenic

As, element 33. A grey metalloid in the nitrogen family, usually showing oxidation states 3 and 5. It is used in some lead alloys and in semiconductors, especially gallium arsenide (GaAs). The name is commonly applied to arsenic (III) oxide (As2O3), the highly poisonous white arsenic of rodent control and detective novels.

33 germanium ← arsenic → selenium
P

As

Sb
Periodic Table - Extended Periodic Table
General
Name, Symbol, Number arsenic, As, 33
Chemical series metalloids
Group, Period, Block 15, 4, p
Appearance metallic gray
Atomic mass 74.92160(2) g/mol
Electron configuration [Ar] 3d 4p3
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 5
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 5.727 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 887 K
(614 °C, 1137 °F)
Critical temperature 1673 K
Heat of fusion (gray) 24.44 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization  ? 34.76 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.64 J·mol
Vapor pressure
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K 553 596 646 706 781 874
Atomic properties
Crystal structure rhombohedral
Oxidation states ±3, 5
(mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity 2.18 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 947.0 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1798 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2735 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius 115 pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 114 pm
Covalent radius 119 pm
Van der Waals radius 185 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 333 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 50.2 W·m
Young's modulus 8 GPa
Bulk modulus 22 GPa
Mohs hardness 3.5
Brinell hardness 1440 MPa
CAS registry number 7440-38-2
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of arsenic
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
73As syn 80.3 d ε - 73Ge
γ 0.05D, 0.01D, e -
74As syn 17.78 d ε - 74Ge
β+ 0.941 74Ge
γ 0.595, 0.634 -
β- 1.35, 0.717 74Se
75As 100% As is stable with 42 neutrons
References

Arsenic (IPA: /ˈɑːsənɪk/, /ˈɑɹsənɪk/) is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol As and atomic number 33.

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