Cambridge Encyclopedia :: Cambridge Encyclopedia Vol. 71

South Dakota - Economy, Transportation, Important cities and towns, Education, Miscellaneous topics

pop (2000e) 754 800; area 199 723 km²/77 116 sq mi. State in NC USA, divided into 66 counties; the ‘Sunshine State’ or ‘Coyote State’; part of the USA as a result of the Louisiana Purchase, 1803; included in Dakota Territory, 1861; population swelled when gold was discovered in the Black Hills, 1874; separated from North Dakota and became the 40th state of the Union, 1889; capital, Pierre; other chief cities, Sioux Falls, Rapid City, Aberdeen; crossed by the Missouri and Big Sioux Rivers; the Bois de Sioux and Minnesota Rivers form part of the E border; the Black Hills rise in the SW corner of the state; highest point, Mt Harney Peak (2207 m/7241 ft); W of Missouri R is a semi-arid, treeless plain, one-third owned by Sioux Indians; severe erosion has formed the barren Bad Lands, where there are many ancient marine and land fossils; E of the R Missouri are rich, fertile plains; cattle, wheat, hogs, dairy products, corn, soybeans, oats; meat packing, food processing; town of Lead in the Black Hills is the nation's leading gold-mining centre; second largest gold and beryllium producer in the USA; Mt Rushmore (in the Black Hills); Indian reservations at Crow Creek, Rosebud, Pine Ridge, Cheyenne.

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Flag of South Dakota Seal of South Dakota
Nickname(s): The Mount Rushmore State (official),
The Sunshine State
Motto(s): Under God the people rule
Official language(s) English
Capital Pierre
Largest city Sioux Falls
Area  Ranked 17th
 - Total 77,163 sq mi
(199,905 km²)
 - Width 210 miles (340 km)
 - Length 380 miles (610 km)
 - % water 1.6
 - Latitude 42°29'30"N to 45°56'N
 - Longitude 98°28'33"W to 104°3'W
Population  Ranked 46th
 - Total (2000) 754,844
 - Density 9.9/sq mi 
3.84/km² (46th)
Elevation  
 - Highest point Harney Peak
7,242 ft  (2,209 m)
 - Mean 2,200 ft  (670 m)
 - Lowest point Big Stone Lake
966 ft  (295 m)
Admission to Union  November 2, 1889 (40th)
Governor Mike Rounds (R)
U.S. Senators Tim Johnson (D)
John Thune (R)
Time zones  
 - eastern half Central: UTC-6/-5
 - western half Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Abbreviations SD US-SD
Web site http://www.state.sd.us

South Dakota is a Midwestern state in the United States. In 1861, Dakota Territory was recognized by the United States government (this initially included North Dakota, South Dakota, and parts of Montana and Wyoming).

Just over a year earlier, on November 2, 1889, Dakota Territory was incorporated into the United States as the modern states of North Dakota and South Dakota.

Demographics of South Dakota (csv)
By race White Black AIAN Asian NHPI
AIAN is American Indian or Alaskan Native   NHPI is Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
2000 (total population) 90.36% 0.90% 9.06% 0.80% 0.07%
2000 (hispanic only) 1.21% 0.04% 0.24% 0.02% 0.01%
2005 (total population) 89.64% 1.17% 9.43% 0.92% 0.06%
2005 (hispanic only) 1.83% 0.07% 0.23% 0.02% 0.00%
Growth 2000-2005 (total population) 1.98% 33.36% 7.02% 17.99% -9.87%
Growth 2000-2005 (non-hispanic only) 1.25% 31.10% 7.20% 18.58% -5.69%
Growth 2000-2005 (hispanic only) 55.60% 78.64% 0.17% -6.21% -41.54%

The five largest ancestry groups in South Dakota are: German (40.7%), Norwegian (15.3%), Irish (10.4%), Native American (8.3%), English (7.1%).

Religion

The religious affiliations of the people of South Dakota are:

Christian – 91% Protestant – 65% Lutheran – 28% Methodist – 13% Presbyterian – 4% Baptist – 4% United Church of Christ – 2% Pentecostal – 2% Other Protestant or general Protestant – 12% Roman Catholic – 25% Other Christian – 1% Other Religions – 1% Non-Religious – 8%

Economy

According to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, the gross state product of South Dakota was $29.4 billion as of 2004.

Transportation

List of South Dakota railroads Category: Transportation in South Dakota

South Dakota license plates are numbered by county, with the first digit referring to the county of origin.

Politics

Presidential elections results
Year GOP Dems
2004 59.91% 232,584 38.44% 149,244
2000 60.3% 190,700 37.56% 118,804
1996 46.49% 150,543 43.03% 139,333
1992 40.66% 136,718 37.14% 124,888
1988 52.85% 165,415 46.51% 145,560
1984 63.0% 200,267 36.53% 116,113
1980 60.53% 198,343 31.69% 103,855
1976 50.39% 151,505 48.91% 147,068
1972 54.15% 166,467 45.52% 139,945
1968 53.27% 149,841 41.96% 118,023
1964 44.39% 130,108 55.61% 163,010
1960 58.21% 178,417 41.79% 128,070


South Dakota politics are generally dominated by the Republican Party, and the state has not supported a Democratic presidential candidate since 1964 — especially notable when one considers that George McGovern, the Democratic nominee in 1972, was from South Dakota.

U.S. Senators

Seat 1
Senator Took Office Left Office Party
Tim Johnson 1997 present Democrat
Larry Pressler 1979 1997 Republican
James Abourezk 1973 1979 Democrat
Karl E. Mundt 1949 1973 Republican
Vera C. Bushfield 1947 1949 Republican
Harlan J. Bushfield 1943 1947 Republican
William J. Bulow 1931 1943 Democrat
William H. McMaster 1925 1931 Republican
Thomas Sterling 1913 1925 Republican
Robert J. Gamble 1901 1913 Republican
Richard F. Pettigrew 1889 1901 Republican
Seat 2
Senator Took Office Left Office Party
John Thune 2005 present Republican
Tom Daschle 1987 2005 Democrat
James Abdnor 1981 1987 Republican
George McGovern 1963 1981 Democrat
Joseph H. Bottum 1961 1963 Republican
Francis H. Case 1951 1961 Republican
J. Chandler Gurney 1939 1951 Republican
Gladys Pyle 1937 1939 Republican
Herbert E. Hitchcock 1935 1937 Democrat
Peter Norbeck 1921 1935 Republican
Edwin S. Johnson 1915 1921 Democrat
Coe I. Crawford 1909 1915 Republican
Alfred B. Kittredge 1901 1909 Republican
James H. Kyle 1891 1901 Populist
Gideon C. Moody 1889 1891 Republican

Important cities and towns

Aberdeen - 3rd largest city Belle Fourche - Center of the Nation Brookings - 5th largest city & South Dakota State University Deadwood De Smet Huron Lead Madison Mitchell Pierre - State Capital Rapid City - 2nd largest city Sioux Falls - Largest City Spearfish - Black Hills State University Sturgis Vermillion - The University of South Dakota Watertown - 4th largest city Yankton

Education

Augustana College — Sioux Falls Black Hills State University Dakota State University Dakota Wesleyan University Mount Marty College National American University Northern State University Oglala Lakota College Presentation College Sinte Gleska University South Dakota School of Mines and Technology South Dakota State University University of Sioux Falls University of South Dakota USDSU

Miscellaneous topics

A bill for statehood for North and South Dakota (and Montana, and Washington), the Enabling Act of 1889, was passed on February 22, 1889 during the Administration of Grover Cleveland.

Citibank rechartered itself as a South Dakota bank in 1981 to take advantage of a new law that set South Dakota's maximum permissible interest rate on loans to 25%, then the highest in the nation (New York had refused to raise its interest rate even after prolonged lobbying).

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