44º13N 17º40E, pop (2001e) 21 000. Town in C Bosnia and Herzegovina; on the R Lasva, NW of Sarajevo; founded, 15th-c; much of the town was destroyed by fire, 1903; birthplace of Ivo Andri?, his former home is now a museum; winter sports centre; noted for its clear air and water.
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| Location in Bosnia and Herzegovina | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General Information | |||
| Mayor | Tarih Lendo (SDA) | ||
| Land area | 35 km² | ||
| Population | 70,000 | ||
| Population density | |||
| Coordinates | 44°14′N 17°40′E | ||
| Area code | +387 30 | ||
| Subdivisions | |||
| Website | http://www.travnik.ba | ||
Travnik (Cyrillic: Травник) is a city in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, 90km west of Sarajevo. It is the capital of the Central Bosnia Canton, and is located in the Travnik Municipality. Travnik today has some 27,000 residents, with a metro (municipality) population that is probably close to 70,000 people.
Geography and climate
Geography
Travnik is located very close to the geographic center of Bosnia and Herzegovina at 44°14′N 17°40′E. Travnik itself is built in the large Lašva river valley, which connects the Bosna river valley in the east with the Vrbas river valley in the west.
Travnik is found 514 meters above sea level.
Climate
Travnik has a continental climate, located between the Adriatic sea to the South and Pannonia to the North.
History
Although there is evidence of some settlement in the region dating back to the bronze age, the true history of Travnik begins during the first few centuries AD.
In the middle ages the Travnik area is known as the župa Lašva province of the medieval Bosnian kingdom. Travnik itself was one of a number of fortified towns in the region, with its fortress Kaštel becoming today's old town sector. In 1699 when Sarajevo was set on fire by Field-Marshall Prince Eugene of Savoy, Travnik became the capital of the Ottoman province of Bosnia and seat of the Bosnian viziers.
The period of Austrian occupation brought westernization and industry to Travnik, but also a heavy decline in importance. While cities such as Banja Luka, Sarajevo, Tuzla, and Zenica grew rapidly, Travnik stayed behind so much that in 1991 it had a mere 30,000 or so people, with 70,000 in the entire municipality.
During the Yugoslav Wars, the city was heavily damaged by Serb attacks. Following the war, Travnik was made the center of the Central Bosnia Canton.
Demographics
Demographic statistics for Travnik are scarce.
Settlement: Bos Srbs Croats Yugos Others Sum B% S% C% Y% O% Bojna 0 1 94 5 0 100 0% 1% 94% 5% 0% Centar 4166 1367 2300 1736 391 9960 42% 14% 23% 17% 4% Gornji Dolac 647 31 976 93 47 1794 36% 2% 54% 5% 3% Kalibunar 1516 556 3173 770 112 6127 25% 9% 52% 13% 2% Pirota 216 135 1225 92 80 1748 12% 8% 70% 5% 5% Stari Grad 1024 36 77 122 50 1309 78% 3% 6% 9% 4%Croats made majority in Bojna, Gornji Dolac, Kalibunar and Pirota, while Bosniaks were majority in Stari grad and Centar.
Government
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, very few cities actually have what would be considered "city governments". Thus, though Travnik doesn't really have a city government of its own, it is part of "Municipality Travnik" which for all practical purposes is the de facto city government since its area of jurisdiction covers Travnik and the outlying villages and small towns.
Asides from being the obvious center of municipality government, Travnik is also the center of the Central Bosnia Canton, one of the 10 Cantons of Bosnia.
Economy
The economy of the Travnik region, which was never anything truly extraordinary, suffered greatly during the war period of the early 1990s.
Culture
Travnik has a strong culture, mostly dating back to its time as the center of local government in the Ottoman Empire. Travnik has a popular old town district however, which dates back to the period of Bosnian independence during the first half of the 15th century. Travnik became famous by important persons acting in the field of culture too, who were born or lived in Travnik.
Tourism
Like many Bosnian towns, Travnik's tourism is largely based on its history and geography.
Miscellaneous
Nobel Prize for literature winner Ivo Andrić was born in Travnik on September 10, 1892; a popular work of his, Travnička hronika ("The Chronicles of Travnik" 1945, title translated as "The Days of the Consuls" or "Bosnian Chronicle"), takes place here.
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