Caesar

Roman politician of patrician origins but slender means, whose military genius, as displayed in the Gallic Wars (58–50 BC), enabled Rome to extend her empire permanently to the Atlantic seaboard, but whose ruthless ambition led to the breakdown of the Republican system of government at home. Never one to allow himself to be blocked by constitutional niceties, in 60 BC he joined with Pompey and Crassus (the so-called First Triumvirate) to protect his interests in the state, and in 49 BC, to avoid being humbled by his enemies at Rome, he led his army across the R Rubicon into Italy and plunged the state into civil war. Victory over the Pompeian forces at Pharsalus (48 BC), Zela (47 BC), Thapsus (46 BC), and Munda (45 BC) left him in sole control at Rome. He did not disguise his absolute power, taking the title ‘Dictator for Life’ in 44 BC, and allowing himself to be paid extravagant honours which suggested he was aiming at regal and even divine status. This was too much for many Republican-minded Romans, and under the leadership of Brutus and Cassius they conspired to murder him. His brief period of power left him with little time to carry through the many reforms, social, economic, and administrative, that he had intended. It was left to his great-nephew and heir, Octavian (the future Emperor Augustus) to reap where he had sown, and also to learn from his mistakes.

Caesar may refer to the following:

Related to Ancient Roman times Gaius Julius Caesar (100 BC–44 BC), a famous politician and military leader. Caesar (title), a title used by Roman Emperors many members of the Julian family He used the Caesar cipher in his military campaigns. Julius Caesar (play), a tragedy by William Shakespeare Julius Caesar (mini), a 2002 mini-series about Caesar, directed by Uli Edel. Augustus Caesar, adopted son of Julius and first Roman Emperor. Lives of the Twelve Caesars, a book written by Suetonius on Julius Caesar and the eleven emperors after him. In reference to notable people Caesar, duc de Choiseul (1602–1675), a French marshal and diplomatist. Caesars (band), a Swedish alternative rock band. Other uses include Caesar (cocktail), a cocktail made with vodka and Clamato that is popular primarily in Canada. The Caesar salad, a salad named after the above Caesar Cardini.. The Caesar cut is a haircut, featuring hair cut extra low and evenly on all sides. Caesar (computer game), a series of computer games. HMS Caesar, four ships of the Royal Navy. Little Caesar, a 1931 crime film. Little Caesars a pizza restaurant chain. Caesar, Zimbabwe, a town in Zimbabwe Canon équipé d'un système d'artillerie, an artillery gun used in France. Caesars Palace, an upscale hotel and resort located in Las Vegas, Nevada. King Caesar a dog/lion/bat/golem kaiju See also Cesar, Kaiser, Czar and Tsar are all variant spellings of the name.