carbonyl - Reactivity, α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds, Other organic carbonyl compounds, Inorganic carbonyl compounds

The group CO, (1) in organic compounds, found in aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides; (2) in inorganic compounds, found as co-ordinated carbon monoxide.

The term carbonyl can also refer to carbon monoxide as a ligand in an inorganic or organometallic complex (a metal carbonyl, e.g.

A carbonyl group characterizes the following types of compounds (where -CO denotes a C=O carbonyl group):

Compound	Structure	Formula
Aldehyde		RCHO
Ketone		RCOR'
Carboxylic acid		RCOOH
Ester		RCOOR'
Amide		RCONR'R"
Enone		RCOC(R')=CR"R"'
Acyl chloride		RCOCl
Anhydride		(RCO)2O

Reactivity

Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon, and thus pulls electron density away from carbon to increase the bond's polarity. Perkins reaction Tishchenko reaction Aldol condensation Cannizaro's reaction

α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds

α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds are an important class of carbonyl compounds with the general structure Cβ=Cα−C=O. The carbonyl group, be it an aldehyde or acid, draws electrons away from the alkene and the alkene group in unsaturated carbonyls are therefore deactived towards an electrophile such as bromine or hydrochloric acid. Mass spectrometry

Other organic carbonyl compounds

Urea Carbamates

Inorganic carbonyl compounds

Carbon dioxide Carbonyl sulfide Phosgene

Further reading

L.G.