Cambridge Encyclopedia :: Cambridge Encyclopedia Vol. 23

electronegativity - List of elemental electronegativity

A qualitative measure of the tendency to hold electrons, or to form the negative end of a dipole in a bond to other atoms. It is roughly proportional to the sum of the ionization energy and the electron affinity for an atom. A rough scale of values (suggested by Linus Pauling) is: F, 4; O, 3·5; Cl, 3·2; N,Br, 3; S,I, 2·7; C, 2·5; other non-metals 2–2·2; metals 1·0–1·8.

→ Atomic radius decreases → Ionization energy increases → Electronegativity increases →
Group 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Period
1 H
2.20
He
 
4 K
0.82
Ca
1.00
Sc
1.36
Ti
1.54
V
1.63
Cr
1.66
Mn
1.55
Fe
1.83
Co
1.88
Ni
1.91
Cu
1.90
Zn
1.65
Ga
1.81
Ge
2.01
As
2.18
Se
2.55
Br
2.96
Kr
3.00
5 Rb
0.82
Sr
0.95
Y
1.22
Zr
1.33
Nb
1.6
Mo
2.16
Tc
1.9
Ru
2.2
Rh
2.28
Pd
2.20
Ag
1.93
Cd
1.69
In
1.78
Sn
1.96
Sb
2.05
Te
2.1
I
2.66
Xe
2.6
6 Cs
0.79
Ba
0.89
*
 
Hf
1.3
Ta
1.5
W
2.36
Re
1.9
Os
2.2
Ir
2.20
Pt
2.28
Au
2.54
Hg
2.00
Tl
1.62
Pb
2.33
Bi
2.02
Po
2.0
At
2.2
Rn
 
La
1.1
Ce
1.12
Pr
1.13
Nd
1.14
Pm
1.13
Sm
1.17
Eu
1.2
Gd
1.2
Tb
1.1
Dy
1.22
Ho
1.23
Er
1.24
Tm
1.25
Yb
1.1
Lu
1.27
Actinides **
 
Ac
1.1
Th
1.3
Pa
1.5
U
1.38
Np
1.36
Pu
1.28
Am
1.13
Cm
1.28
Bk
1.3
Cf
1.3
Es
1.3
Fm
1.3
Md
1.3
No
1.3
Lr
 
Periodic table of electronegativity using the Pauling scale See also Periodic table

List of elemental electronegativity

Francium - 0.70 Caesium - 0.79 Potassium, Rubidium – 0.82 Barium – 0.89 Radium – 0.90 Sodium – 0.93 Strontium – 0.95 Lithium – 0.98 Calcium – 1.00 Actinium, Lanthanum, Terbium, Ytterbium – 1.10 Cerium – 1.12 Americium, Praseodymium, Promethium – 1.13 Neodymium – 1.14 Samarium – 1.17 Europium, Gadolinium – 1.20 Dysprosium, Yttrium – 1.22 Holmium – 1.23 Erbium – 1.24 Thulium – 1.25 Lutetium – 1.27 Plutonium, Curium – 1.28 Berkelium, Californium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Hafnium, Mendelevium, Nobelium, Thorium – 1.30 Magnesium – 1.31 Zirconium – 1.33 Scandium, Neptunium – 1.36 Uranium – 1.38 Tantalum, Protactinium – 1.50 Titanium – 1.54 Manganese – 1.55 Beryllium – 1.57 Niobium – 1.60 Aluminum – 1.61 Thallium – 1.62 Vanadium – 1.63 Zinc – 1.65 Chromium – 1.66 Cadmium – 1.69 Indium – 1.78 Gallium – 1.81 Iron – 1.83 Cobalt – 1.88 Copper, Technetium, Rhenium, Silicon – 1.90 Nickel – 1.91 Silver – 1.93 Tin – 1.96 Mercury, Polonium – 2.00 Germanium – 2.01 Bismuth – 2.02 Boron – 2.04 Antimony – 2.05 Tellurium – 2.10 Molybdenum – 2.16 Arsenic – 2.18 Phosphorus – 2.19 Astatine, Hydrogen, Iridium, Osmium, Palladium, Ruthenium – 2.20 Rhenium, Platinum – 2.28 Lead – 2.33 Tungsten – 2.36 Gold – 2.54 Carbon, Selenium – 2.55 Sulfur – 2.58 Xenon – 2.60 Iodine – 2.66 Bromine – 2.96 Krypton – 3.00 Nitrogen – 3.04 Chlorine – 3.16 Oxygen – 3.44 Fluorine – 3.98

These are only the elements that are colored in the table above.

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